ABSTRACT
Coordination compounds-based drugs are crucial in targeting various diseases due to their distinct structural order. They also show a significant role in biological systems, including human beings. For example, hemoglobin, a carrier of oxygen transportation in the blood, is a metal complex of Fe (II) ions and is vital for human life. In addition, they have been utilized for treating various diseases associated with human beings due to their excellent anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-viral potential. The coordination compounds of different metal ions such as platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), silver (Ag), and gold (Au) have been used as anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the metal complex of chromium, gold, and copper ions exhibited excellent anti-bacterial activity. Additionally, many coordination compounds revealed promising applications against malaria and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's. Recently, coordination compounds have been utilized as anti-viral drugs to treat coronavirus. In the present review, we have spotlighted the advanced and most significant coordination compounds that exhibit an essential role in medicine.
ABSTRACT
The current study intends to identify the behavioural antecedents of investors' attitude and investment intention toward mutual funds using a robust SEM‐ANN approach. It focuses on novel factors in the purview of the COVID‐19 pandemic, increasing digitalization and social media usage. The research outcome indicates that attitude (ATB), awareness (AW) and investment decision involvement (IDI) have a significant positive relation with investment intention (BI). In contrast, perceived barrier (PBR) negatively relates to investment intention. Herd behaviour (HB) and social media influence (SMI) do not influence investment intention toward mutual funds. Moreover, all the tested predictors share direct relation with the attitude toward mutual fund investment, barring perceived risk (PR), which has an inverse relationship. As per the outcome of ANN sensitivity analysis, attitude is the most crucial determinant of investment intention. It is followed by awareness (AW), perceived barriers (PBR) and investment decision involvement (IDI). Among the significant determinants of attitude, self‐efficacy (SE) is the most important determinant, followed by perceived usefulness (PU), perceived emergency (PEMER), subjective norms (SN) and perceived risk (PR).
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The recent discoveries of phylogenetically confirmed COVID-19 reinfection cases worldwide, together with studies suggesting that antibody titres decrease over time, raise the question of what course the epidemic trajectories may take if immunity were really to be temporary in a significant fraction of the population. The objective of this study is to obtain an answer for this important question. METHODS: We construct a ground-up delay differential equation model tailored to incorporate different types of immune response. We considered two immune responses: (a) short-lived immunity of all types, and (b) short-lived sterilizing immunity with durable severity-reducing immunity. RESULTS: Multiple wave solutions to the model are manifest for intermediate values of the reproduction number R; interestingly, for sufficiently low as well as sufficiently high R, we find conventional single-wave solutions despite temporary immunity. CONCLUSIONS: The versatility of our model, and its very modest demands on computational resources, ensure that a set of disease trajectories can be computed virtually on the same day that a new and relevant immune response study is released. Our work can also be used to analyse the disease dynamics after a vaccine is certified for use and information regarding its immune response becomes available.
Subject(s)
Basic Reproduction Number , COVID-19/transmission , Models, Theoretical , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/immunology , HumansABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted the health services worldwide, challenging the way modern medicine has been practiced for decades. AIM: The present study documents an institutional experience on its impact on cytology services. MATERIALS & METHODS: The cytology samples received during lock down period in India (24 March to 17 May 2020) were analysis and compared to the samples received during the same time frame in year 2019. RESULTS: The data revealed an overall 92.6% reduction in cytology samples received. All sample types were reduced with a statically significant reduction in thyroid cytology samples (P-value: .023). There was relative increase in breast and lymph node samples; however, this relative increase was not statistically significant. The malignancy rate also significantly increased by 34.1% accompanied by decrease in neoplastic category among the samples received during COVID-19 lockdown period. Breast samples remain the most frequent sample type both in pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 periods. Majority of fine-needle aspiration done in these cases, during the lockdown period, were either in cases for recurrence or primary diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Prioritization of samples, proper precautions and triaging of patients before procedure helped in carrying out this procedure safely.